The
study by Perez of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San
Marcos 1998) in
Lima, showed a rapid healing effect in 100% of the mice
treated after receiving
skin wounds.
A
Belgian study (1993) showed that Sangre de Grado stimulates
the reduction of
wounds, helping in the formation of a scar over the wound
by allowing a more
rapid spread of scar tissue and aiding in the formation
of fresh collagen.
Vaisberg
and colleagues (1989) showed a dose-dependent healing effect
in their
study on live mice. In this study it was observed that the
taspine increased the
migration of human fibroblasts from the foreskin in cell
cultures.
The
study made by Porras-Reyes and colleagues at the University
of Washington
(1993) showed that taspine stimulates the chemotaxis of
fibroblasts in the
healing process in rat skin.
Anti-ulceration
effect: The study by Miller and col. (2000) determined a
significant reduction in the size of the ulcer induced in
rats by the
application of acetic acid when treated with Sangre de Grado.
The study made by
Ayala and col. (2000, 1999) verifies this significant protection
in the case of
injury produced by ethanol in rats, being compared with
saline solution,
sucralphate and the commercial product Mylanta in concentration
of 0.8 ml/kg.
The study made by Malaga of the Peruvian Cayetano Heredia
University (1991)
showed that taspine reduced the degree of ulceration in
peptic ulcer in rats by
50% in comparison with the control. An additional protective
effect on the
gastric mucous membrane was found was found in rats whose
lesions were induced
by indometacine
Antiviral
effect: The study by Ubillus and col. (1994) showed the
antiviral
effect of isolated SP-303, against a variety of DNA and
RNA virus. The in vitro
tests showed a potent activity against stocks of cincitial
respiratory virus
(RSV) types A and B, influenza virus A(FLU-A) and para-influenza
(PIV).Parallel
tests showed that the SP-303 acts similarly to the commercial
product ribavarin.
The SP-303 shows a significant inhibitory action against
the herpes virus (HSV)
types 1 and 2, including the hypervirus which is resistant
to the drugs
acyclovir and foscarnet. There are phase I and II clinical
studies which show
the antiviral effect for respiratory viral infections and
herpes which have been
approved by the FDA. Inhibition has also been observed against
the hepatitis
virus A and B.
Hudson
(1990) showed anti-viral activity against the Sindbis virus
and
Citamegalovirus.
Anti-microbe
effect: Hudson (1990) showed that Sangre de Grado inhibits
Gram (-)
bacteria and skin fungus in vitro. The study by Viasberg
and col. (1989) showed
that the simple phenol compounds and diterpenes act against
Bacillus subtilis
and Escherichia coli. In the case of B. subtilis, the trimetoxiphenols
were more
potent than penicillin and chloramphenicol.
Zapata
(1987) showed the anti-microbe action against Staphylococcus
aureus, S.
epidermis and other gram negative bacteria such as enterobacter,
citrobacter,
salmonella, etc.
Macrae (1988) found anti-fungal activity in the case of
Microsporum and
Trichophyton.
Studies on anti-ulcer activity showed a marked reduction
in bacterial growth in
the ulcer cavity.
Miller’s
study of the latex (1999) detected in vitro activity against
Helicobacter pylori, this being an interesting new discovery.
Anti-inflammatory
effect: The study by Persinos and col. (1974) confirms the
anti-inflammatory effect of taspine in rats. Perdue and
col. (1979) proved the
anti-inflammatory activity of the alkaloid taspine by three
methods: with oedema
of the foot induced by carragenine, the pelotilla-induced
granuloma and the
poly-arthritis adjuvant method. Other researchers attribute
the
anti-inflammatory effect to the lignane of dihydrobenzofurane,
3’4-0-dimethylcedrusine.
Anti-tumour
effect: Evans 1983
Anti-oxidant
effect: Desmarchelier (1997) determined that, while the
latex has a
slight pro-oxidant effect at low concentration, at high
concentrations it is
extremely effective for reducing the oxidation of DNA by
capturing the peroxile
and hydroxile radicals.
